Acoustic Annoyance Modelling in Backhoe Loader Based on Sound Qualitative Metrics

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 MSc. Student, Mechanics of Agricultural Machinery Department, Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Professor, Mechanics of Agricultural Machinery Department, Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Biosystems Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Arak University, Arak, Iran

Abstract

In addition to harmful effects on the physical health of people, noise pollution can also create annoyance conditions for those who are exposed to it. Therefore, in addition to evaluating the sound quantity parameters, it is absolutely essential to examine the sound qualitative parameters in the work environment. In this research, the sound qualitative metrics of the HEPCO backhoe loader were evaluated. The acoustic annoyance model of the tested machine was determined using loudness, sharpness and fluctuation strength. The coefficient of determination of acoustic annoyance model and jury test was 0.93. Also, the acoustic annoyance model from this study was compared with two unbiased and psychoacoustic annoyance models. The results of this comparison showed that the proposed model changes in the gear ratios are not identical with the other two models. Therefore, by measuring the sound of the machine and extracting its quality metrics, it can calculate the acoustic annoyance inside the cabin.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Aladdin, M. F., & Jalil, N. A. A. (2017). Psychoacoustic bias in vehicle interior noise–preliminary study. Procedia Engineering, 170, 217-225.
Allen, P. (2000). Acoustics and psychoacoustics. Audiology Diagnosis (1st ed.). New York: Thieme Medical Publisher Inc.
Brambilla, G., Carletti, E., & Pedrielli, F. (2001). Perspective of the sound quality approach applied to noise control in earth moving machines. International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration, 6(2), 90-6.
Carletti, E., Pedrielli, F., & Casazza, C. (2009). Annoyance prediction model for assessing the acoustic comfort at the operator station of compact loaders. In: Proceedings of 16th International Congress on Sound and Vibration, Kraków, Poland.
Carletti, E., Pedrielli, F., & Casazza, C. (2011). Development and validation of a numerical prediction model to estimate the annoyance condition at the operation station of compact loaders. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 17(3), 233-240.
Cerrato, G. (2009). Automotive sound quality–powertrain, road and wind noise. Sound & vibration, 43(4), 16-24.
Cho, P., & Karavadi, A. (1999). Sound quality target development process for agricultural and construction machinery (No. 1999-01-2820). SAE Technical Paper.
Fastl, H., & Zwicker, E. (2007). Psychoacoustics: facts and methods (3rd ed.). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
Fish, D. G. (1998). Application of the composite rating of preference to road and wind noise (No. 980393). SAE Technical Paper.
Fujii, K., Atagi, J., & Ando, Y. (2002). Temporal and spatial factors of traffic noise and its annoyance. Journal of Temporal Design in Architecture and the Environment, 2(1), 33-41.
Garcia, J. J., Iturbe, J., & Planas, J. L. (2000). Exhaust Noise Design based on Psycho-acoustic Parameters. In FISITA World Automotive Congress.
Genuit, K. (2004). The sound quality of vehicle interior noise: a challenge for the NVH-engineers. International Journal of Vehicle Noise and Vibration, 1(1-2), 158-168.
Han, H. S. (2012). Psycho-acoustic evaluation of the indoor noise in cabins of a naval vessel using a back-propagation neural network algorithm. International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, 4(4), 374-385.
Hong, H. S., Shim, S. R., & Han, H. S. (2011). Psycho-acoustic evaluation and analysis of the indoor noise in cabins of a naval vessel to specify its allowable limit. Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering, 21(7), 650-656.
Janssens, K., Vecchio, A., & Van der Auweraer, H. (2008). Synthesis and sound quality evaluation of exterior and interior aircraft noise. Aerospace Science and Technology, 12(1), 114-124.
Junoh, A. K., Muhamad, W. Z. A. W., & Fouladi, M. (2011). A Study on the effects of tyre vibration to the noise in passenger car cabin. Advanced Modeling and Optimization, 13(3), 567-581.
Lashgari, M., & Maleki, A. (2016). Evaluation of lawn tractor noise using acoustic and psychoacoustic descriptors. Engineering in Agriculture, Environment and Food, 9(1), 116-122.
Lashgari, M. (2017). Analysis of acoustic annoyance using sound quality metrics. Sound and Vibration, 5(10), 107-116. (In Farsi).
Nielsen, T., Nielsen, T. V., Johansen, P., Hasenkam, J. M., & Nygaard, H. (2005). Psychoacoustic quantification of mechanical heart valve noise. The Journal of heart valve disease, 14(1), 89-95.
Nor, M. J. M., Fouladi, M. H., Nahvi, H., & Ariffin, A. K. (2008). Index for vehicle acoustical comfort inside a passenger car. Applied Acoustics, 69(4), 343-353.
Park, S. G., Park, J. T., Seo, K. W., & Lee, G. B. (2012). Comparison of the Sound Quality Characteristics for the Outdoor Unit according to the Compressor Model. International Compressor Engineering Conference. Paper 2229.
Park, B., Jeon, J. Y., Choi, S., & Park, J. (2015). Short-term noise annoyance assessment in passenger compartments of high-speed trains under sudden variation. Applied Acoustics, 97, 46-53.
Pedrielli, F., Carletti, E., & Casazza, C. (2008). Just noticeable differences of loudness and sharpness for earth moving machines. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 123(5), 3164-3164.
Sahai, A. K., & Stumpf, E. (2014). Incorporating and minimizing aircraft noise annoyance during conceptual aircraft design. In: Proceedings of 20th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference-Part of AVIATION forum.
Seiler, R. D., & Holbach, G. (2013). Acoustic quality on board ships. In: Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics ICA2013 (Vol. 19, No. 1, p. 040132). ASA.
Sellerbeck, P., Nettelbeck, C., Heinrichs, R., & Abels, T. (2007). Improving diesel sound quality on engine level and vehicle level-a holistic approach (No. 2007-01-2372). SAE Technical Paper.
Västfjäll, D., Kleiner, M., & Gärling, T. (2003). Affective reactions to interior aircraft sounds. Acta Acustica united with Acustica, 89(4), 693-701.
Wang, Y. S., Shen, G. Q., & Xing, Y. F. (2014). A sound quality model for objective synthesis evaluation of vehicle interior noise based on artificial neural network. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 45(1), 255-266.
Zwicker, E., & Fastl, H. (1990). Psychoacoustics: facts and methods (1st ed.). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
Zwicker, E., & Fastl, H. (1997). Psychoacoustics: facts and methods (2nd ed.). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.