نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ملایر، همدان
2 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران
3 گروه علوم آب و خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions faces the dual challenge of ensuring food production while simultaneously reducing environmental pressures associated with intensive resource use. In this context, carbon footprint (CF) and nitrogen footprint (NF) indicators provide effective tools for evaluating the environmental sustainability of cropping systems. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the carbon and nitrogen footprints of four major crops, including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), onion (Allium cepa L.), and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.), cultivated in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. The assessment was based on real input–output data obtained from official agricultural statistics and regional management practices. The nitrogen footprint was quantified by considering direct nitrogen losses, including ammonia volatilization, nitrous oxide emissions, nitrate leaching, and ammonium leaching, as well as indirect nitrogen emissions associated with the production and transportation of agricultural inputs. Carbon footprint was estimated by aggregating greenhouse gas emissions derived from fertilizers, diesel fuel, electricity, irrigation water, machinery, and agrochemicals. Results showed that, at the hectare scale, tomato production had the highest carbon footprint with 4584.08 kg CO₂-eq ha⁻¹, whereas watermelon showed the lowest value with 3027.35 kg CO₂-eq ha⁻¹. The highest indirect nitrogen footprint was also observed in watermelon (1665.84 g N-eq ha⁻¹) and tomato (1565.57 g N-eq ha⁻¹). However, at the yield-based scale, wheat exhibited the highest carbon footprint intensity, reaching approximately 1663 kg CO₂-eq t⁻¹ due to its low productivity (1.88 t ha⁻¹). Wheat also showed the highest yield-based nitrogen footprint,
کلیدواژهها [English]
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