تخمین غلظت رسوبات معلق در آب با سامانه ترکیبی نوری – فراصوتی و مدلسازی انفیس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 1- دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج ، ایران

چکیده

توسعه یک روش تخمین قوی و مطمئن به منظور آشکارسازی میزان غلظت رسوبات معلق از جنبه­های مختلف زیست محیطی و ژئومورفولوژی از جمله کیفیت آب، مهندسی پایداری بستر رودخانه، مدیریت سیلاب و زیستگاه های آبی یک ضرورت اجتناب ناپذیر است. در این تحقیق، یک شیوه جدید  بر اساس یک سامانه مرکب اندازه‌گیری نوری – فراصوتی و هوش هیبریدی مبتنی بر رویکرد مدلسازی انفیس (ANFIS) برای پیش بینی غلظت رسوبات معلق رودخانه توسعه یافت. در این مطالعه در شرایط آزمایشگاهی دو سامانه اندازه‌گیری مذکور در یک مخزن آب قرار گرفتند و طی هر 50 ثانیه، 10 گرم خاک (عبور کرده از الک 140) در آب به عنوان رسوب معلق اضافه ‌شد تا زمانی که کل رسوب موجود در آب به 100 گرم برسد. این عملیات در 20 تکرار انجام گرفت و مقادیر خروجی دو روش اندازه‌گیری به عنوان ورودی به انفیس داده شد. ساختار انفیس با ورودی مجزای حسگر نوری دارای کارایی بالاتری با ضریب تبیین (R2) 94/0 و ریشه میانگین مربعات خطا (RMSE) (gr)15/7 نسبت به ورودی مجزای حسگر فراصوتی با ضریب تبیین (R2)91/0 و ریشه میانگین مربعات خطاها (gr)72/8 بود. همچنین بیشترین کارایی ساختار ترکیبی با دو ورودی از دو روش اندازه‌گیری  دارای ضریب تبیین (R2)97/0 و ریشه میانگین مربعات خطاها (gr) 66/5 بود. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده، بهترین فاصله بین گیرنده و فرستنده در حسگر فراصوتی بین 8 تا 15 سانتی­متر بود و استفاده از سامانه ترکیبی در برآورد رسوبات دارای کارایی بیشتری با خطای 3 و5/1 درصد کمتر نسبت به خطای سامانه‌های مجزای فراصوت و نوری داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimation of Concentration of Suspended Sediments with Optical-ultrasonic Hybrid System and ANFIS Modeling

نویسندگان [English]

  • ali kiapey 1
  • Mahdi Ghasemi- Varnamkhasti 2
  • Hossein Mousazadeh 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate., Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Agricultural Machinery Engineering Department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Developing a robust and reliable estimation method to detect suspended sediment concentrations from various environmental and geomorphological aspects including water quality, riverbed sustainability engineering, flood management and aquatic habitats is an unavoidable necessity. In this research, a new approach has been developed using a combined optical-acoustic sensors and hybrid intelligence-based system of ANFIS modeling to predict the concentration of suspended river sediments. Also, two measurement systems were placed in a water tank in vitro, and every 50 seconds, 10 g of soil (passed through sieve 140) was added to the water as suspended sediment until the total sediment in the water was 100 grams. The operation was performed in 20 iterations and the output values ​​of the two measurement methods were given as inputs. Interface structure with only optical sensor inputs with higher efficiency coefficient of determination (R2) 0.94 and mean square error root mean square error (RMSE) 7.15 (gr) compared with the ultrasonic sensor inputs with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.91 and root of the mean squared error was 8.72 (gr). Also, the highest efficiency of hybrid structure with two inputs of two measurement methods had coefficient of determination (R2) 0.97 and root mean square error was 5.26 (gr). According to the results, the best distance between receiver and transmitter in the ultrasonic sensor was between 8 and 15 cm and the use of hybrid system in sediment estimation was more efficient with an error of 3 and 1.5 percent less than the error of separate ultrasonic and optical systems.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Suspended sediment concentration"
  • " Optical sensor"
  • "Ultrasonic sensor"
  • " ANFIS modeling
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