نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
گروه مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
In line with the optimal management to water consumption, the usage of irrigation systems equipped with water cleanup systems increased the acceptance of these systems. In this research, a smart filter equipped with automatic self-cleaning technology was constructed. The experimental of this research in the form of a factorial test based on a completely randomized design with three factors working pressure, water quality and the diameter of filter openings with three repetitions in controlled laboratory conditions. The amount of water consumed will be higher for samples containing large amounts of impurities and filters with larger aperture diameters, and using filters with smaller aperture diameters and considering low operating pressure can reduce the amount of water consumed for washing. The results showed that the best quality of purified water (96.3%) and the lowest amount of water used for washing occurred (21.2 L) at a working pressure of 100 kPa, although this has increased the number of filter washing times. Setting the washing process at the beginning of the first point of pressure deviation causes a high amount of water to be purified in each cycle. Setting up the working pressure unit of the smart filter control unit within 100 kPa and using a net with an opening diameter of 0.1 mm reduces the amount of water used to wash (79%) and increases the quality of the treated water (90%), which will allow the use of waters containing large amounts of suspended soluble solid materials.
کلیدواژهها [English]
Performance evaluation of intelligent filters designed for water treatment in the irrigation systems
EXTENDED ABSTRACT
Today, the limitation of water resources and the need to increase the efficiency of irrigation water consumption increased the importance of management and planning. In irrigation systems, the main problem in maintaining the system is the clogging of emitters due to the physical, chemical, and biological factors of water, which makes it challenging to identify the emitters that are blocked. One reason for clogging emitters in irrigation is suspended solids with organic and inorganic components in the water. In line with water consumption management, the usage of irrigation systems equipped with water cleanup systems increased the acceptance of these systems. In this research, a smart filter equipped with automatic self-cleaning technology was constructed.
After designing the filter and considering the parameters affecting its design, the filter was manufactured based on the standard (ISO 18471:2020). The designed filter was installed and the initial problems were solved by starting it up. Then mesh number one was placed inside the filtration chamber. The experimental of this research in the form of a factorial test based on a completely randomized design with three factors working pressure at 3 levels (100, 200, and 300 kPa), water quality at 3 levels (4%, 8%, and 12%) and the diameter of filter openings at three levels (0.1, 0.2, and 0.25 mm) with three repetitions in controlled laboratory conditions. The characteristics of the total volume of water used for washing and the quality of filtered water were measured.
The pressure difference between the inlet and outlet in the constructed filter has a continuous trend that is gradually increasing. According to the gradual process of increasing the pressure difference during the filtration process, the state of the working pressures set for the filtration process is divided into three stages (the first stage: the start of the filtration process until the first milestone of the pressure difference, the second stage: the first milestone of the pressure difference until the second milestone The pressure difference and the third stage: the second turning point of the pressure difference to the end of the filter operation pressure) is divided. Based on the pressure curve during the filtration process, in the control unit of the system, the first point of pressure difference (100 kPa) was used to start the washing process. The amount of water consumed will be higher for samples containing large amounts of impurities and filters with larger aperture diameters, and using filters with smaller aperture diameters and considering low operating pressure can reduce the amount of water consumed for washing. The results showed that the best quality of purified water (96.3%) and the lowest amount of water used for washing occurred (21.2 L) at a working pressure of 100 kPa, although this has increased the number of filter washing times. Setting the washing process at the beginning of the first point of pressure deviation causes a high amount of water to be purified in each cycle. According to the results, the number of suspended solids in the water will be effective on the quality of purified water and the amount of water used for washing.
Setting up the working pressure unit of the smart filter control unit within 100 kPa and using a net with an opening diameter of 0.1 mm reduces the amount of water used to wash (79%) and increases the quality of the treated water (90%), which will allow the use of waters containing large amounts of suspended soluble solid materials.
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