نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 دانشیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش
4 دانشیارگروه آموزشی رادیولوژی دهان، فک و صورت، دانشکده دندانپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، ایران؛ عضو مرکز تحقیقات ایمپلنت‌های
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Quality evaluations of apple fruit during storage can help producers to choose and optimize suitable storage conditions. The internal changes of this product during the storage period will be caused change in the quality characteristics of the fruit. Prediction of these changes and creating suitable storage conditions are important steps towards maintaining the nutritional and economic value of the product. In this research, some physicochemical characteristics of Golden Delicious apples were measured during storage at two temperatures of 0 and 4 °C for 0, 45, 90 and 135 days. These characteristics included CT number obtained by X-ray imaging, pH, firmness, density, total soluble solids index and fruits moisture content. Then, using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) the mentioned characteristics changes during storage were determined and compared with the actual values. The ANFIS model inputs were color components L*, a* and b*, storage temperature and storage duration, and the outputs were the mentioned physicochemical characteristics. According to the results, in the best selected models, the values of R2, RMSE, MAPE and EF statistical parameters for CT number were 0.909, 24.331, 11.319% and 0.899, for fruit firmness were 0. 950, 1.862 N, 3.298% and 0.904, for pH value were 0.912, 0.134, 1.134% and 0.839, for density were 0.910, 0.045 g/cm3, 7.223% and 0.828, for soluble solids were 0.884, 0.537% Brix, 2.340% and 0.781 and for fruit moisture content were 0.945, 0.008, 0.729% and 0.893, respectively. These results show that it is possible to predict the characteristics of apple fruit under storage conditions with high accuracy. This prediction will be useful to determine and maintain the quality of the product during storage.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Application of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) in predicting quality characteristics of stored apple fruit
EXTENDED ABSTRACT
The cultivated area of Iran's apple orchards is about 237,000 hectares, from which about 4 million tons of apples are produced, and it accounts for a significant share in the trade of agricultural products of this country. Apple is one of the fruits that can be stored for a relatively long time. Internal changes created by this product during the storage period cause a change in the quality characteristics of the fruit. Several researches have been conducted on the qualitative changes of apple fruit during storage. Quality evaluations of apple fruit during storage can help apple producers in choosing and optimizing suitable storage conditions. The Anticipating these changes and creating suitable storage conditions is an important step towards maintaining the nutritional and economic value of the product. Among the methods used in evaluating the quality of fruits is X-ray imaging and determining the relationship between the absorption properties of the rays and the quality parameters of the products. Also Fuzzy logic and fuzzy inference system are new and efficient techniques used in recent years to identify, classify and model complex nonlinear systems. This method can be used to predict and model the quality characteristics of food.
In this research, the physicochemical characteristics of Golden Delicious apples were recorded during storage at two temperatures of 0 and 4 degrees Celsius and the duration of storage in cold storage included 0, 45, 90 and 135 days. These characteristics included CT number obtained from X-ray imaging, pH, firmness, density, soluble solids and fruit moisture. In order to determine the mentioned physicochemical properties, 280 Golden Delicious apples were stored in temperature conditions of 0 and 4 °C and humidity of 85 ± 5% during four periods of time: zero (beginning of storage), 45, 90 and 135 days. At the end of each storage period, the physicochemical characteristics of apples were measured. In the next step, with the help of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and based on the inputs of color components L*, a* and b*, storage temperature and storage duration, the mentioned characteristics were extracted and compared with the actual values.
The implementation and comparison of different models of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system showed that in the best selected models, the values of statistical parameters R2, RMSE, MAPE and EF for predicting CT number were 0.909, 24.331, 11.319% and 0.899, for fruit firmness were 0.950, 1.862 N, 3.298% and 0.904, for pH value were 0.912, 0.134, 0.134% and 0.839, for density were 0.910, 0.045 gr/m3, 7.223% and 0.828 respectively, for soluble solids were 0.884, 0.537% Brix, 2.340% and 0.781 and for fruit moisture were 0.945, 0.008 0, 0.729% and 0.893 respectively.
These results show that it is possible to predict the characteristics of apple fruit during storage with appropriate approximation and accuracy using color components and storage coordinates and the application of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). Among these characteristics is the CT number, which is itself a function of other qualitative properties of apples.
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