اندازه‌گیری رطوبت خرما با روش غیر مخرب دی‌الکتریک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد،گروه ماشین های کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

2 استادیار، گروه ماشین های کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

3 دانشیار، گروه ماشین های کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

4 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه ماشین های کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

برآورد سریع و غیر مخرب رطوبت اهمیت بسزایی در مدیریت برداشت، انبار‌داری، فروش، و فراوری خرما دارد. در این تحقیق با روش خازن با صفحات موازی، ولتاژ متناوب سینوسی به محصول خرما اعمال و با دستگاه اسپکتروم آنالایزر پاسخ سیگنال خروجی مدار در محدودۀ فرکانسی 1 تا MHz 100 اندازه‌گیری گردید. از مدل‌های رگرسیون خطی چندمتغیره (MLR) به‌منظور استخراج رابطۀ بین رطوبت و مقادیر توان در فرکانس‌های گوناگون استفاده شد. نتایج مدل‌سازی با استفاده از تمامی محدودۀ فرکانس اعمال‌شده نشان داد که درصد رطوبت با R2p برابر 956/0، ریشۀ میانگین مربعات خطای (RMSEP) 28/5 درصد، و نسبت انحراف استاندارد (SDR) 97/2 قابل پیش‌بینی است. پس از بررسی ضرایب رگرسیون، تعداد شش فرکانس مؤثر در مدل‌سازی رطوبت خرما به‌منظور سادگی روش ارائه‌شده، تعیین شدند. نتایج مدل‌سازی رطوبت با استفاده از شش فرکانس، مشابه نتایج بدست‌آمده از کل محدودۀ فرکانسی ارزیابی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Measurement of Date Fruit Moisture Content by Use of a Nondestructive Dielectric Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rahmatollah Bagheri 1
  • Seyed Ahmad Mireei 2
  • Morteza Sadeghi 3
  • Amin Allah Masoumi 2
  • Shahram Moomkesh 4
1 MSc. Students, Department of Farm Machinery, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology
2 Assistant Professors, Department of Farm Machinery, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology
3 Associate Professor, Department of Farm Machinery, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology
4 MSc. Students, Department of Farm Machinery, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology
چکیده [English]

Developing a rapid, nondestructive and reliable method to measure moisture content of date fruit is of interest in pre- and post-harvest processes of this valuable product. Throughout this research, by putting date palm fruits (cv. Mazafati) in a parallel plate capacitor, the sinusoidal alternative voltage in the frequency range of 1 to 100 MHz was exerted to the dates and the response of the circuit recorded while using a spectrum analyzer. Then, the relation between the power consumption of the system at different frequencies and the moisture content of the samples was studied and modeled using Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) analysis. The results indicated that by using the entire frequencies within the range of 1-100 MHz, the moisture content of date palm fruits could be predicted by a coefficient of determination (R2p) of 0.956, a Root Mean Squares Error of Prediction (RMSEP) of 5.28% and a Standard Deviation Ratio (SDR) of 2.97. By analysis of regression coefficients, some six effective frequencies in moisture content estimation were selected and used for building up the simpler models. The same similar results were obtained when compared with modeling by the entire range of frequencies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Capacitor
  • Function generator
  • Spectrum analyzer
  • modeling
  • Standard deviation ratio
Anonymous. (2006). Basics of measuring the dielectric properties of materials, Application Note. Agilent literature number, 5989˚2589 EN.
Berbert, P. A., Queiroz, D. M., Sousa, E. F., Molina, M. B., Melo, E. C. & Faroni, L. R. D. (2001). Dielectric properties of parchment coffee. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 80(1), 65-80.
Castro-Giráldez, M., Fito, P. J., Dalla Rosa, M. & Fito, P. (2011). Application of microwaves dielectric spectroscopy for controlling osmotic dehydration of kiwifruit (Actinidia Deliciosa cv Hayward). Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 12(4), 623-627.
Castro-Giráldez, M., Fito, P. J., Chenoll, C. & Fito, P. (2010). Development of a dielectric spectroscopy technique for the determination of apple (Granny Smith) maturity. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 11(4), 749-754.
Elleuch, M., Besbes, S., Roiseux, O., Blecker, C., Deroanne, C., Drira, N. & Attia, H. (2008). Date flesh: chemical composition and characteristics of the dietary fibre. Journal of Food Chemistry, 111, 676-682.
Guo, W., Nelson, S. O., Trabelsi, S., & Kays, S. J. (2007). 10˚1800 MHz dielectric properties of fresh apples during storage. Journal of Food Engineering, 83, 562-569.
Guo, W., Zhu, X., Nelson, S. O., Yue, R., Liu, H. & Liu, Y. (2011). Maturity effects on dielectric properties of apples from 10 to 4500 MHz. LWT- Food Science and Technology, 44, 224-230.
Hlavacova, Z. (2003). Low frequency electric properties utilization in agriculture and food treatment. Research in Agricultural Engineering, 49(4), 125-136.
Ismail, K. M. & Alyahya, S. A. (2003). A quick method for measuring date moisture content. Transaction of ASAE, 46(2), 401-405.
Jha, S. N. (2011). Nondestructive evaluation of food quality, Theory and Practice. Berlin: Springer.
Keramat Jahromi, M., Jafari, A., Rafiee, S., Mirasheh, R. & Mohtasebi, S. S. (2008). Changes in physical properties of date fruit (cv. Shahani)
during three edible stages of ripening. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Science, 3(1), 132-136.
Kharazizadeh, S. (1991). Fundamentals of electronics. Tehran: Mojtame Fanni Tehran. (In Farsi)
Mckeown, M., Trabelsi, S., Tollner, E. & Nelson, S. O. (2012). Dielectric spectroscopy measurements for moisture prediction in Vidalia onions. Journal of Food Engineering, 111, 505-510.
Mireei, S. A., Mohtasebi, S. S., Massudi, R., Rafiee, S. & Arabanian, A. S. (2010a). Feasibility of a near infrared spectroscopy for analysis of date fruits. International Agrophysics, 24, 351-356.
Mireei, S. A., Mohtasebi, S. S., Massudi, R., Rafiee, S. & Arabanian, A. S. (2010b). Using FT-NIR spectroscopy in nondestructive maturity determination of 􀂵Shahani􀂶 date fruits. Iranian Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 41(2), 113-120. (In Farsi)
Mireei, S. A., Mohtasebi, S. S., Sadeghi, M. & Rafiee, S. (2013). Comparison between reflectance, transmission and interactance modes of NIR spectroscopy in non-destructive moisture content determining of 􀂵Mazafati􀂶 date fruit. Iranian Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 43(2), 133-141. (In Farsi)
Nelson, S. O. (1991). Dielectric properties of agricultural products measurements and applications. IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation, 26(5), 845-869.
Nelson, S. O. (2005). Dielectric spectroscopy in agriculture. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 351, 2940-2944.
Nelson, S. O. (2008). Dielectric properties of agricultural products and some applications. Research in Agricultural Engineering, 54, 104-112.
Nelson, S. O. (2010). Fundamentals of dielectric properties measurements and agricultural applications. Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy, 44(2), 98-113.
Puranik, S., Kumbhakarne, A. & Mehrotra, S. (1991). Dielectric properties of honey-water mixtures between 10 MHz and 10 GHz using time domain technique. Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy, 26(4), 196-201.
Ragni, L., Cevoli, C. & Berardinelli, A. (2010). A waveguide technique for non-destructive determination of egg quality parameters. Journal of Food Engineering, 100, 343-348.
Sacilik, K. & Colak, A. (2010). Determination of dielectric properties of corn seeds from 1 to 100 MHz. Powder Technology, 203, 365-370.
Sacilik, K., Tarimc, C. & Colak, A. (2007). Moisture content and bulk density dependence of dielectric properties of safflower seed in the radio frequency range. Journal of Food Engineering, 78, 1111-1116.
Schmilovitch, Z., Hoffman, A., Egozi H. & Grinshpun, J. (2006). Determination of single-date water content by a Novel RF device. Transaction of ASAE, 22(3), 401-405.
Schmilovitch, Z., Hoffman, A., Egozi, H., Ben-Zvi, R., Bernstein, Z. & Alchanatis, V. (1999). Maturity determination of fresh dates by near infrared spectrometry. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 79, 86-90.
Soltani, M., Alimardani, R. & Omid,M.(2011). Evaluating banana ripening status from measuring dielectric properties. Journal of Food Engineering, 105, 625-631.
Sosa-Morales, M. E., Valerio-Junco, L., López-Malo, A. & García ,H. S. (2010). Dielectric properties of foods: reported data in the 21st century and their potential applications. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 43, 1169-1179.
Venkatesh, M. S. & Raghavan G. S. V. (2005). An overview of dielectric properties measuring techniques. Canadian Biosystems Engineering, 47(7), 15-30.