تحلیل عوامل ضایعات شکستگی برنج در استان گیلان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آوخته کارشناسی ارشد

2 عضو هیات علمی

چکیده

کاهش ضایعات شکستگی برنج از دغدغه­های بخش شالیکاری استان گیلان است. به منظور شناسایی عوامل ضایعات شکستگی برنج سفید در استان گیلان، تحقیقی به روش پیمایش توصیفی با شرکت 75 نفر از مدیران واحدهای شالیکوبی استان انجام گرفت. به منظور طراحی اولیه پرسش‌نامه، ابتدا از روش مصاحبه نیمه­ساختارمند با 5 نفر از مدیران مجرب کارگاه­های شالیکوبی و 3 نفر از کارشناسان تبدیل برنج در استان گیلان استفاده شد. پرسش‌نامه نهایی بر اساس نتایج مصاحبه و مرور منابع طراحی گردید. عوامل ضایعات شکستگی برنج سفید در قالب پنج گروه اصلی شامل عوامل زراعی محیطی، فنی، دانشی مهارتی، اقتصادی و سیاست­گذاری دسته­بندی شدند. به منظور رتبه­بندی هر گروه عامل از شاخص نسبت تغییرات و جهت دسته­بندی نهایی گروه­ها از آزمون فریدمن استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که عوامل "رعایت زمان مناسب برداشت برنج"، "خرمنکوبی با خرمنکوب­ها یا کمباین­های نامناسب شالی"، "سطح مهارت مکانیک در اپراتوری خشک­کن شلتوک"، "کمبود منابع مالی به منظور نوسازی و بهینه­سازی کارخانه­های برنجکوبی"، و "ارتقاء اطلاعات فنی مدیران کارگاه­های برنجکوبی" به ترتیب مهمترین عوامل زراعی، فنی، دانشی مهارتی، اقتصادی و سیاست‌گذاری ضایعات شکستگی برنج سفید در استان گیلان بودند. در این راستا، حمایت مالی و آموزشی دولت از فعالیت­های به­زراعی کشاورزان شالیکار، ارتقاء دانش فنی کاربران خرمنکوب­ها و کمباین­های برنج، اپراتورهای کارگاه­های برنجکوبی، و مدیران کارگاه­های شالیکوبی و پشتیبانی از نوسازی و بهینه­سازی تجهیزات خطوط تبدیل برنج بعنوان راهکارهای کاهش در جهت کاهش ضایعات شکستگی در استان گیلان مورد توصیه قرار گرفتتند. مقایسه نهایی گروه­ها همچنین نشان داد که گروه عوامل اقتصادی در مجموع بیشترین تاثیر را در بین عوامل مورد بررسی داشتند. بنابراین، به منظور کاهش ضایعات شکستگی برنج در استان گیلان، تقویت بنیه اقتصادی کشاورزان و مالکان کارگاه­های شالیکوبی از طریق تدوین و اجرای سیاست­های حمایتی مورد تاکید قرار گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Factors Affecting Rice Breakage Losses in Guilan Province

چکیده [English]

In order to identifying factors affecting milled rice breakage losses in Guilan province, a research was conducted based on the descriptive survey with association of 75 rice mill owner in Guilan province. Factors affecting milled rice breakage losses were recognized with the Delphi technique. In this regard, a descriptive questionnaire with an open-ended question was distributed among 5 rice mill owner and 3 academic staffs and experts of rice milling. Results indicated that “the time of rice harvest”, “threshing the paddy with inappropriate paddy threshers or paddy combine harvesters”, the level of skill of paddy dryer operator, shortage of financial sources in order to renewing and “modifying the rice mills”, and “promoting technical knowledge of rice mill owners” were the most important factors of agronomical, technical, knowledge-skill, economical, and policy making factors, respectively. Final comparison of the studied categories showed that the category of economic factors had the most impacts among all factors studied. Therefore, in order to reducing the rice breakage losses in Guilan province, promoting the economical basis of paddy farmers and rice mills owners were emphasized through codifying and executing supportive policies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rice breakage
  • Paddy
  • losses
  • rice mills
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