اثر روش های خاک ورزی حفاظتی و مرسوم بر برخی خصوصیات ماشین و خاک در منطقه سرد استان خراسان رضوی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران

2 عضو هیئت علمی/ موسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی/ سازمان تحقیقات ،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

چکیده

اثر روش های بی خاک ورزی،کم خاک ورزی و خاکورزی مرسوم بر بعضی خصوصیات خاک و ماشین در تناوب چغندر قند- جو- ذرت- گندم در اقلیم سرد استان خراسان رضوی بررسی گردید. این پروژه بصورت طرح کرت های خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل روش های خاک ورزی در سه سطح شامل خاک‌ورزی مرسوم، کم خاک‌و‌رزی و بی‌خاک‌ورزی در کرت های  اصلی و مقدار بقایای گیاهی در سه سطح شامل: بدون بقایا، حفظ 30 درصد بقایا و 60 درصد بقایا در کرتهای فرعی بود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که روش های بی خاک ورزی و کم خاک ورزی در مقایسه با خاک ورزی مرسوم باعث کاهش مصرف سوخت، کاهش زمان انجام عملیات، کاهش توان مکانیکی مصرفی در عملیات تهیه زمین و کاشت و کاهش میزان برگردانده شدن بقایای گیاهی به خاک شدند. روش خاک ورزی مرسوم نسبت به کم خاک ورزی و بی خاک ورزی باعث کاهش معنی دار قطر کلوخه شد. روش های خاک ورزی و درصد بقایا در این تحقیق تاثیر معنی داری بر مقاومت به نفوذ خاک نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Conservation and Conventional Tillage on Some Machine and Soil Parameters in Cold Regions of Khorasan Razavi Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeed Zarifneshat 1
  • Mohammad Hossein Saeidi Rad 1
  • Mahmood Safari 2
1 Saeed Zarifneshat, Associate Professor, Agricultural Engineering Resaearch Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Scientific board member / Agriculture Engineering Research Institute(AERI)
چکیده [English]

The effect of no tillage, minimum and conventional tillage were investigated on some characteristics of soil and machine on alternation of sugar beet, barley, maize, wheat in cold regions of Khorasan Razavi province. This study was conducted in split plot design based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of soil tillage methods in three levels: conventional tillage, minimum tillage and no tillage in the main plots and amount of plant residues in three levels including: no residues, retaining 30 percent and 60 percent of residues in the subplots. The results showed that no tillage and minimum tillage reduced fuel consumption, operating time, mechanical power consumed in land preparation and planting operations and amount of plant residues returned compared to the conventional tillage. The conventional tillage compared to minimum tillage and no tillage reduced the diameter of the soil clods significantly. Soil tillage methods and amount of plant residues did not have a significant effect on soil penetration resistance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • No tillage
  • Minimum Tillage
  • conservation tillage
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