تحلیل ریسک اختلالات بدنی در کارگران تهیه قلمه، کاشت و برداشت دستی نیشکر با استفاده از روش OWAS

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

اختلالات اسکلتی-عضلانی ناشی از وضعیت‌های نامناسب کاری در کشت‎‌وصنعت‌های نیشکر استان خوزستان، امروزه دلیل خیلی از آسیب‌های نیروی انسانی در مزارع نیشکر است. خطر مواجهه با عوامل آسیب‌رسان به سیستم اسکلتی-عضلانی با روش‌های متعددی نظیر REBA، RULA، QEC و OWAS ارزیابی می‌شود. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین میزان آسیب‌های اسکلتی-عضلانی و ارزیابی ارگونومیکی وضعیت‌های انجام کار توسط کارگران تهیه قلمه، کاشت و برداشت نیشکر با استفاده از روش OWAS انجام شد. در این مطالعه‌ی توصیفی-تحلیلی وضعیت‌های کاری 20 گروه 10 نفره کاشت و 100 کارگر تهیه قلمه و برداشت مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. تصاویر وضعیت کارگران در حالت‌های مختلف ثبت شد. سپس به قسمت‌های مختلف بدن بر اساس وضعیت آن‌ها طبق روش‌ مورد مطالعه کد داده و این کدها وارد جدول شد و امتیازهای نهایی با استفاده از نرم‌افزار winOWAS محاسبه گردید. نتایج نشان داد که در عملیات تهیه قلمه، کاشت و برداشت نیشکر به‌ترتیب 37/36، 67/41 و 33/33 درصد وضعیت بدنی کارگران در بحرانی‌ترین وضعیت، قرار داشت. بنابراین شیوع اختلالات اسکلتی- عضلانی بین کارگران تولید نیشکر قابل توجه است. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست آمده، عمده‌ترین مشکلات ارگونومیکی شامل وضعیت بدنی نامناسب، بلند کردن و حمل بارهای سنگین و خمش و پیچش کمر می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Risk Analysis of Physical Disorders in Sugarcane Manual Cuttings, Planting and Harvesting Worker Using OWAS Method

نویسنده [English]

  • nasim monjezi
Assistant professor, Biosystems engineering Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Musculoskeletal disorders due to inappropriate conditions in sugarcane Agro-Industry in Khuzestan province today are the reason for many human labor injuries in sugarcane fields. The risk of exposure to harmful agents to the musculoskeletal system is evaluated in a variety of ways such as REBA, RULA, QEC and OWAS. The aim of this study was to determine the number of musculoskeletal injuries and ergonomic evaluation of work situation by sugarcane cuttings planting, and harvesting using OWAS method. In this descriptive-analytical study, the workplaces of 20 groups of 10 workers were planted and 100 workers were cutting and harvested. Situations of workers were recorded in different situations. Then they were coded into different parts of the body based on their status according to the method studied and these codes were entered into the table and the final scores were calculated using winOWAS software. The results showed that cuttings harvesting, planting, and harvesting sugarcane were 36.37, 41.67% and 33.33%, respectively, in the most critical situation. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among sugarcane production workers is significant. Based on the results, the main problems of ergonomics are included inappropriate physical condition, lifting and carrying heavy loads and bending of the waist.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agriculture
  • Ergonomics
  • Musculoskeletal Disorders
  • Sugarcane Agro-Industry
  • Worker
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