ساخت و توسعه ماشین مکانیکی تمیزکننده‌ی سطح آرایه‌های فتوولتائیک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

بخش مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

گرد و غبار می­تواند با ایجاد آسیب­های فیزیکی، تضعیف تابش رسیده و افزایش درجه حرارت سبب کاهش بازده یک آرایه­ی فتوولتائیک شود. تمیزکاری آرایه­ها درگیر مسائلی مانند اتلاف آب، انرژی و زمان است. یک وسیله مکانیکی کارآمد می­تواند محیط بزرگی را در زمانی به مراتب کمتر از نیروی ­انسانی تمیز نماید. در تحقیق حاضر ساخت و مطالعه­ی عملکرد یک ماشین تمیزکننده مکانیکی بررسی شد. آزمایش­هایی با دو عامل نسبت سرعت خطی معادل برس به سکوی تمیزکننده و نوع شوینده، هرکدام در سه سطح، در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی و سه تکرار انجام گردید. ارزیابی­ها نشان داد اثر عامل نسبت سرعت بر حذف گرد و غبار پنل در سطح 5 درصد معنی­دار است؛ از طرفی اثر هر دو عامل­ آزمایش، در سطح 5 درصد بر افزایش توان معنی­دار بود. نتایج نشان داد ماشین تمیزکننده می­تواند با کاهش غلظت گرد و غبار، توان هر پنل 280­واتی را تا 40­وات و بازده را تا 4­درصد افزایش ­دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Development of a Mechanical Cleaning Machine for Photovoltaic Arrays Surface

نویسندگان [English]

  • Siavash Kasaeipour
  • Mohammadmehdi Maharlooei
  • Hamid Mortezapour
Dept of Biosystems Engineering, School of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman,, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]

Dust deposition on the photovoltaic (PV) arrays surface may cause physical damages, weakens the sun's radiation, and increases the panel temperature that results in the reduction of the electrical efficiency of the panel. PV array cleaning is engaged with issues such as water and energy consumption, and long operating time. An efficient mechanical cleaner improves the cleaning operations compared to the manual operation. In this study, development of a mechanical cleaning machine for photovoltaic arrays surface was carried out. The machine was evaluated using two factors including: the equivalent speed ratio of the brush to the cleaning platform, and the type of detergent at three levels, respectively. The tests were arranged at completely randomized design with three replications. The results showed that the effect of equivalent speed ratio of the brush to the cleaning platform on dust removal was significant (p < 0.05). Also, the effect of all studied factors on output power was significant (p < 0.05). It was revealed that the cleaning machine can increase the amount of power in each 280-Watt panel by up to 40 Watt and the efficiency up to 4%.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dust Concentration
  • Detergent
  • Cylindrical Brush
  • Electrical Efficiency
Alizadeh, M. R. (2011). Field performance evaluation of mechanical weeders in the paddy field. Scientific Research and Essays, 6(25), 5427–5434.
Alizadeh, M. R., Bagheri, I., Payman, M. H. (2007). Evaluation of a rice reaper used for rapeseed harvesting. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Science, 2(4), 388–397.
Calle, C. I., Buhler, C. R., Johansen, M. R., Hogue, M. D., Snyder, S. J. (2011). Active dust control and mitigation technology for lunar and Martian exploration. Acta Astronautica, 69(11–12), 1082–1088.
Deb, D., Brahmbhatt, N. L. (2018). Review of yield increase of solar panels through soiling prevention, and a proposed water-free automated cleaning solution. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, 3306–3313.
Fathi, M., Abderrezek, M., Friedrich, M. (2017). Reducing dust effects on photovoltaic panels by hydrophobic coating. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 19(2), 577–585.
Furkan, D., Mehmet Emin, M. (2010). Critical factors that affecting efficiency of solar cells. Smart Grid and Renewable Energy, 2010.
Gaier, J. R., Perez-Davis, M. E., Marabito, M. (1991). Aeolian removal of dust types from photovoltaic surfaces on Mars. In 16th Space Simulation Conference: Confirming Spaceworthiness into the Next Millennium (Vol. 3096, p. 379).
Grando, M. T., Maletz, E. R., Martins, D., Simas, H., Simoni, R. (2019). Robots for Cleaning Photovoltaic Panels: State of the Art and Future Prospects. Revista Tecnología y Ciencia, (35), 137–150.
Gutierrez, P. H., Dalsted, N. L. (1990). Break-even method of investment analysis. Farm and Ranch Series. Economics; No. 3.759.
Halliday, D., Resnick, R., Walker, J. (2013). Fundamentals of physics. John Wiley & Sons.
He, G., Zhou, C., Li, Z. (2011). Review of self-cleaning method for solar cell array. Procedia Engineering, 16, 640–645.
Jaradat, M. A., Tauseef, M., Altaf, Y., Saab, R., Adel, H., Yousuf, N., Zurigat, Y. H. (2015). A fully portable robot system for cleaning solar panels. In 2015 10th International Symposium on Mechatronics and its Applications (ISMA) (pp. 1–6). IEEE.
Kampf, R., Majercák, P., Svagr, P. (2016). Application of Break-Even Point Analysis/Primjena Break-Even Point analize. Nase More, 63(3), 126.
Lu, H., Zhao, W. (2018). Effects of particle sizes and tilt angles on dust deposition characteristics of a ground-mounted solar photovoltaic system. Applied Energy, 220, 514–526.
Maghami, M. R., Hizam, H., Gomes, C., Radzi, M. A., Rezadad, M. I., Hajighorbani, S. (2016). Power loss due to soiling on solar panel: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 59, 1307–1316.
Mani, M., Pillai, R. (2010). Impact of dust on solar photovoltaic (PV) performance: Research status, challenges and recommendations. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14(9), 3124–3131.
Niu, J. J., Wang, J. N., Xu, Q. F. (2009). Synthesis of superhydrophobic silicon oxide nanowires surface on silicon wafer. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 9(3), 1819–1824.
Park, Y.-B., Im, H., Im, M., Choi, Y.-K. (2011). Self-cleaning effect of highly water-repellent microshell structures for solar cell applications. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 21(3), 633–636.
Petronijević, P., Ivanišević, N., Rakočević, M., Arizanović, D. (2012). Methods of calculating depreciation expenses of construction machinery. Journal of Applied Engineering Science, 10(1), 43–48.
Radoi, R., Blejan, M., Ilie, I. (2014). Mechatronic drive system for cleaning machine of photovoltaic panels. Hidraulica, (4), 22.
Sarver, T., Al-Qaraghuli, A., Kazmerski, L. L. (2013). A comprehensive review of the impact of dust on the use of solar energy: History, investigations, results, literature, and mitigation approaches. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 22, 698–733.
Sims, R. A., Biris, A. S., Wilson, J. D., Yurteri, C. U., Mazumder, M. K., Calle, C. I., Buhler, C. R. (2003). Development of a transparent self-cleaning dust shield for solar panels. In Proceedings ESA-IEEE Joint Meeting on Electrostatics (Vol. 814).
Truncyte, D., Daukantiene, V., Gutauskas, M. (2008). The influence of triboelectricity on textile polymer friction parameters. Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe, (1 (66)), 50–53.
Zaihidee, F. M., Mekhilef, S., Seyedmahmoudian, M., Horan, B. (2016). Dust as an unalterable deteriorative factor affecting PV panel’s efficiency: Why and how. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 65, 1267–1278.
Zhu, J., Hsu, C.-M., Yu, Z., Fan, S., Cui, Y. (2010). Nanodome solar cells with efficient light management and self-cleaning. Nano Letters, 10(6), 1979–1984.