مقایسه فرایند استخراج اسانس ریحان به روش ترتیبی فراصوت-مایکروویو با روش مایکروویو

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور، دزفول، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور دزفول، دزفول، ایران

چکیده

انتخاب روش استخراج مناسب به­منظور رسیدن به بازده بالاتر استخراج اسانس از گیاهان دارویی یکی از چالش­های پیش رو در تحقیقات علمی است. روش ترتیبی فراصوت-مایکروویو یکی از روش­های نوین استخراج است که در این پژوهش برای استخراج اسانس از گیاه ریحان استفاده شد. به­منظور بررسی تأثیر این روش در افزایش بازده استخراج، روش مایکروویو به­عنوان روش مبنا مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. برای بهینه­سازی شرایط استخراج به روش ترکیبی، توان فراصوت، توان مایکروویو و زمان استخراج به­عنوان متغیرهای مستقل و بازده استخراج اسانس به‌عنوان پاسخ در نظر گرفته شد. طراحی آزمایشات به روش سطح پاسخ (RSM) با استفاده از طرح مرکب مرکزی (CCD) انجام شد. بیشترین بازده به‌دست‌آمده در شرایط 300 وات توان فراصوت، 600 وات توان مایکروویو و 40 دقیقه زمان استخراج به­دست آمد که معادل (3/2 % وزنی/وزنی) بود. این در حالی است که بازده روش استخراج مبنا 74/0درصد وزنی/وزنی به­دست آمد. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از بررسی ترکیبات شیمیایی مواد مؤثره حاصل نشان داد که تعداد ترکیبات موجود در روش ترتیبی بالاتر از تعداد آن‌ها در روش مایکروویو است. علاوه ­بر این، با مقایسه خواص آنتی­اکسیدانی با استفاده از روش‌های DPPH و FRAP ثابت شد که روش ترتیبی در حفظ خواص اسانس حاصل از گیاه ریحان بهتر عمل کرده است. تصاویر میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی نیز نشان داد که غدد حاوی مواد مؤثره در اثر فرآیند استخراج ترتیبی نسبت به روش مبنا بیشتر تخریب شده­اند. به طور کلی، روش ترتیبی فراصوت-مایکروویو می­تواند به­عنوان روش کارآمدی برای استخراج اسانس از گیاه دارویی ریحان معرفی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Essential Oil from Ocimum Basilicum Obtained via Sequential Ultrasound-Microwave Extraction with Microwave Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Habib Abbasi 1
  • Shady Sharifzadeh 1
  • Safoora Karimi 2
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Determining the best extraction method to obtain high yield of essential oils from medicinal plants has been identified as one of the challenges in scientific research. The sequential ultrasound-microwave method is a new extraction method that in this research has been applied to extraction of essential oil from basil. In order to investigate the effect of this approach on enhancing extraction yield, the microwave method was examined as a base method. To optimize the extraction conditions of the sequential method, ultrasonic power, microwave power, and extraction time were determined as independent variables and essential oil yield as response. Experiments were modeled by central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM). The highest yield (2.3% w/w) was obtained at 300 W of ultrasonic power, 600 W of microwave power, and 40 min of extraction time. While the base method yield was 0.74% w/w. The chemical composition analysis of the active compounds showed that the number of compounds in the sequential approach is higher than those in the microwave method. Furthermore, by comparing the antioxidant properties obtained by DPPH and FRAP methods, the sequential method was better in preserving the antioxidant properties of basil essential oil. Scanning electron microscopy images also showed more damage to the glands containing the active ingredients by the sequential process than the base method. Generally, the sequential ultrasound-microwave method can be introduced as an efficient method for the extraction of essential oils from Ocimum basilicum.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Optimization
  • Basil
  • Gas chromatography
  • Scanning electron microscope
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