شبیه‌سازی المان محدود صدمات دینامیکی سیب بر اساس داده‌های آزمون ضربه پاندول و اعتبارسنجی آن‌ با میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

چکیده: میوه سیب در طی فرآیندهای پس از برداشت تحت تاثیر بارهای ضربه‌ای متعددی قرار می‌گیرد که منجر به آسیب و کوفتگی مـی‌گردد. این مطالعه با هدف شبیه‌سازی نیروها و تحلیل صدمات ایجاد شده در سیب رقم رد دلیشز بر اثر اعمال بارهای ضربه‌ای، به منظور ارائه راهکارهایی برای طراحی فرآیندها و تجهیزات مناسب انجام شد. برای رسیدن به این هدف خواص فیزیکی و مکانیکی سیب در سه بخش پوست، گوشت و هسته تعیین گردید. در شبیه‌سازی المان محدود برای دو بخش گوشت و هسته مدل ماده ویسکوالاستیک و برای بخش پوست مدل ماده الاستیک-پلاستیک، در نرم افزار آباکوس تعریف شد. در بخش بارگذاری شبیه‌سازی، پارامترهای مورد نیاز به صورت دینامیکی تعریف شد و نتایج آزمون ضربه پاندول به دو روش نیرو-زمان و سرعت-زمان در 3 سطح ضربه وارد نرم افزار شد و نتایج دو روش شبیه‌سازی با هم مقایسه شد. حجم آسیب با استفاده از تصاویر میکروسکوپ الکترونی تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد، حداکثر نیروی مجاز در بارگذاری دینامیکی معادل 20 نیوتن می‌باشد و در روش شبیه­سازی بر اساس داده‌های نیرو-زمان، حجم کوفتگی 9/5 درصد با نتایج آزمون تجربی و مقدار نیروی برخورد خروجی نرم افزار 76/4 درصد نسبت به آزمون پاندول اختلاف دارد. در روش شبیه­سازی بر اساس داده‌های سرعت-زمان، حجم کوفتگی 97/15 درصد و مقدار نیروی برخورد 63/13 درصد نسبت به آزمون پاندول اختلاف دارد. بنابراین، روش شبیه‌سازی بر اساس داده‌های نیرو-زمان برآورد بهتری نسبت به شبیه‌سازی  بر اساس داده‌های سرعت-زمان ارائه می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Finite Element Simulation of Dynamic Apple Damage Based on Pendulum Impact Test Data and Its Validation by Scanning Electron Microscopy

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ebrahim Chavoshi 1
  • Ebrahim Ahmadi 1
  • ali alavi nia 2
  • rahman seifi 2
1 Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract: Apple fruit is subjected to multiple impact loads during postharvest processes, which leads to injury and bruising. The aim of this study was to simulate the forces and analyze the damage caused to the Red Delicious apple cultivar due to the impact loads, in order to provide solutions for designing appropriate processes and machines. To achieve this goal, the physical and mechanical properties of apples in three parts of skin, flesh and core were determined. In the finite element simulation was defined for the two parts of the flesh and core of the viscoelastic material model and for the skin part of the elastoplastic material model in ABAQUS software. In the loading section of the simulation, the required parameters were defined dynamically and the results of the pendulum impact test were entered into the software in two methods of force-time and velocity-time in 3 impact levels. The results of the two simulation methods were compared. Damage volume was determined using electron microscope images. The results showed that the maximum allowable force in dynamic loading is equal to 20 N and in the simulation method based on force-time data, the bruise volume was 5.9% different from the results of the experimental test and the amount of software output force was 4.76% different from the pendulum test. In the simulation method based on velocity-time data, the bruise volume is 15.97% and the impact force is 13.63% different from the pendulum test. Therefore, the simulation method based on force-time data provides a better estimate than the simulation based on speed-time data.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Red Delicious
  • Viscoelastic
  • Finite Element Simulation
  • Pendulum Impact Test
  • Bruise Volume

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مهندسی بیوسیستم ایران
دوره 53، شماره 3
مهر 1401
صفحه 249-267

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 14 اسفند 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 10 شهریور 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 28 آذر 1401

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