بررسی شاخص های انرژی و اثرات زیست‌محیطی تولید نان صنعتی به روش چرخه حیات

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه مهندسی مکانیک ماشین های کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی مکانیک ماشین های کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی، گروه مهندسی مکانیک ماشین های کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

4 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه مهندسی مکانیک ماشین های کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش به بررسی انرژی‌مصرفی، انتشار آلاینده‌های زیست‌محیطی، مدل‌سازی و بهینه‌سازی آن‌ها در مراحل مختلف تولید گندم دیم و نان در استان گیلان پرداخته شده است. داده‌های مورد نیاز در سال 94، از طریق تکمیل پرسش‌نامه توسط کشاورزان، بایگانی اسناد جهاد کشاورزی، بازدید از کارخانه تولید نان فانتزی سالم و نانوایی نان سنگک و مصاحبه با کارشناسان مربوطه جمع‌آوری شد. همچنین با ارزیابی آلاینده‌های زیست‌محیطی، بیشترین بار زیست‌محیطی در شاخص‌های مختلف محاسبه شد. با استفاده از نتایج به‌دست آمده، میانگین کل انرژی نهاده‌ها و ستانده­های دانه گندم به ترتیب 27/15651 و 02/27603 مگاژول‌ برهکتار و کل انرژی مصرفی در زنجیره تولید نان فانتزی و سنتی به ترتیب 17/263299 و  28/468747 مگاژول بر ده تن نان به دست آمد. مقدار نسبت انرژی تولید گندم برابر با 76/1 گزارش شد که نشان دهنده‌ی کارایی مثبت تولید گندم دیم در سطح منطقه مورد مطالعه می‌باشد. نتایج تحلیل پوششی داده نیز نشان داد که می‌توان با اعمال مدیریت بهتر نسبت انرژی را از 76/1 به70/2 رساند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Energy Indices and Environmental Impact Assessment of Industrial Bread Production by Using Life Cycle

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Hajiahmad 1
  • fatemeh mirbazel 2
  • fatemeh solki cheshmeh soltani 3
  • Seyyed Hassan Pishgar-Komleh 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Master graduated, Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Undergraduate student, Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 Ph.D. graduated, Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this research, the energy consumption, environmental emissions, modeling and optimization in different stages of wheat and bread production was studied in Guilan province. Data were gathered by using the questionnaire, archiving documents of agriculture Jihad, visiting the Bread Factory and Sangak bread Bakery and interviewing the relevant experts. Also, by assessing environmental pollutants, the highest environmental burden was calculated in different indices. Results showed that the average total energy inputs and outputs of wheat production were 15651.27 and 2760.22 MJ/ha, respectively, and the total energy in the modern and traditional bread production chain were 263299.17 and 468747.289 MJ/10 ton bread, respectively. The energy ratio of wheat production was equal to 1.76, indicating the positive energy efficiency of wheat production on the area of the study. The results of data envelopment analysis also showed, the energy ratio could be increased from 1.76  to 2.70 by applying better management.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Impact indicators
  • Life Cycle Assessment
  • modeling
  • Optimization
  • Wheat
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